Kotzé v Ongeskiktheidsfonds van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch

JurisdictionSouth Africa

Kotzé v Ongeskiktheidsfonds van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch
1996 (3) SA 252 (C)

1996 (3) SA p252


Citation

1996 (3) SA 252 (C)

Case No

4416/94

Court

Kaapse Provinsiale Afdeling

Judge

Duminy Wn R

Heard

November 22, 1995

Judgment

November 29, 1995

Counsel

F M Klopper namens die eiser.
M Scholtz namens die verweerder.

Flynote : Sleutelwoorde B

Verjaring — Bevrydende verjaring — Tydperk van verjaring — Aanvang van — Skuldeiser kan nie deur sy eensydige willekeurige optrede aanvang van verjaring uitstel nie — Waar skuldeiser in staat is om sy reg af te dwing, maar dit nie doen C nie, is daar geen rede om hom teen verjaring te beveilig nie.

Verjaring — Bevrydende verjaring — Tydperk van verjaring — Aanvang van — Aksie vir betaling van 'n ongeskiktheidspensioen — Volgens 'Bepalings van die Fonds' kon Fonds 'op versoek van so 'n lid ongeskiktheidspensioen' toeken indien sekere D vereistes nagekom is — Volgens bewoording van art 12(1) van Verjaringswet 68 van 1969 begin verjaring loop sodra skuld opgeëis kan word — Daadwerklike opeising nie nodig nie — Bepaling dat pensioen 'op versoek van' lid van fonds toegeken word 'n potestatiewe voorwaarde en het geen effek nie — Pensioen het in 1985 opeisbaar geword — Versoek daarvoor in 1993 gerig en aksie in 1994 E ingestel — Verjaring het in 1985 begin loop — Eis in ongeveer 1988 deur verjaring uitgewis.

Headnote : Kopnota

'n Skuldeiser kan nie deur sy eensydige willekeurige optrede die aanvang van bevrydende verjaring uitstel nie. Waar die skuldeiser in staat is om sy reg af te dwing, F maar dit nie doen nie, is daar geen rede om hom teen die gevolge van verjaring te beveilig nie. (Op 262C en 261G/H.)

Klousule 6 van die bepalings van die verweerder se ongeskiktheidsfonds het soos volg bepaal: 'As 'n lid van die Fonds deur liggaamlike besering of siekte ongeskik geraak het sodat hy daardeur totaal verhinder word om sy eie beroep vir loon of wins te volg, en sodanige ongeskiktheid vir 'n onafgebroke tydperk van ten minste vier maande G voortgeduur het en nog voortduur, sal die raad van trustees op versoek van so 'n lid ongeskiktheidspensioen soos omskrywe in klousule 10 toeken, . . .'. Die eiser was 'n lid van die ongeskiktheidsfonds en het in 1994 aksie in 'n Provinsiale Afdeling teen die verweerder ingestel waarin hy kragtens klousule 6, gelees met klousule 10(c), van die 'Bepalings van die Fonds' 'n ongeskiktheidspensioen gevorder het. Die eiser het H beweer dat hy in 1982, terwyl hy 'n lid van die fonds was, sekere liggaamlike beserings opgedoen het as gevolg waarvan hy in 1985 totaal ongeskik geraak het om sy beroep vir loon of wins te volg; dat hierdie voortdurende ongeskiktheid vir meer as vier maande geduur het; en dat hy die verweerder se raad van trustees op 8 Junie 1993 ingevolge klousule 6 versoek het om 'n ongeskiktheidspensioen aan hom toe te ken maar dat die raad geweier het om dit te doen. Die verweerder het in 'n spesiale I pleit beweer dat 'n ongeskiktheidspensioen opeisbaar word 'deur 'n lid van die verweerder in die omstandighede omskryf in klousule 6', dws dat opeisbaarheid van die pensioen slegs afhanklik is van die intrede en voortbestaan vir vier maande van totale ongeskiktheid om die lid se beroep te volg en dat die lid se versoek aan die raad nie 'n voorvereiste daarvoor is nie. Dit is derhalwe beweer dat ooreenkomstig art 12 van die Verjaringswet 68 van 1969, verjaring ten opsigte van die verweerder se verpligting om die pensioen toe te ken, begin loop het toe dit opeisbaar geword het, wat in 1985 plaasgevind het, en dat die verweerder se verpligting derhalwe in omtrent 1988 deur verjaring uitgewis is.

Beslis, dat enige verpligting wat een persoon teenoor 'n ander het in beginsel deur verjaring uitgewis kon word, en dat die verpligting wat klousule 6 van die bepalings J

1996 (3) SA p253

A op die verweerder gelê het om die pensioen toe te ken of goed te keur derhalwe onderhewig aan verjaring was. (Op 257B.)

Beslis, verder, dat volgens die bewoording van art 12(1) van die Verjaringswet ('Behoudens die bepalings van subarts (2) en (3), begin verjaring loop sodra die skuld B opeisbaar is'), verjaring begin loop sodra 'n skuld opgeëis kan word, en dat daadwerklike opeising daarvan nie daarvoor relevant is nie. (Op 258H-I.)1

Beslis, verder, ten aansien van die eiser se betoog dat 'n versoek kragtens klousule 6 'n voorvereiste is vir die toekenning van 'n ongeskiktheidspensioen, dat op daardie uitleg van die bepalings dit sou beteken dat die pensioen onderhewig was aan 'n C voorwaarde 'si voluero' ('indien ek sou gewil het' of 'indien ek sou beslis het'), en dat so 'n voorwaarde geen effek het nie. (O258I/J-259A/B.)

Beslis, derhalwe, dat die toekenning van die pensioen 'opeisbaar' oftewel 'geskik om opeising te ondergaan' was vanaf die datum in 1985 en nie vanaf die datum van die versoek nie - die versoek was niks meer as die daadwerklike opeising daarvan nie: D ooreenkomstig die Verjaringswet is die verpligting deur tydsverloop drie jaar daarna ongeveer in 1988 uitgewis, ten minste vyf jaar voordat die dagvaarding beteken is. Die spesiale pleit behoort dus gehandhaaf te word. (Op 259B/C-C/D.)

Beslis, verder, in ieder geval, dat op grond van die beginsel dat 'n skuldeiser nie deur sy eensydige willekeurige optrede die aanvang van verjaring kan uitstel nie, die spesiale pleit ook gehandhaaf moes word. (Op 262C.) Eis van die hand gewys.

Flynote : Sleutelwoorde

Prescription — Extinctive prescription — Period of prescription — When it commences — Creditor cannot by his unilateral arbitrary conduct postpone E commencement of prescription — Where creditor able to enforce his right but does not do so, no reason existing to protect him from prescription.

Prescription — Extinctive prescription — Period of prescription — When it commences — Action for payment of disability pension — In terms of 'Rules of the Fund', Fund could 'upon the request of such a member' grant a disability pension if certain requirements satisfied — According to wording of s 12(1) of Prescription Act 68 of 1969 prescription commencing as soon as debt claimable — Actual claim not necessary — Provision that pension granted 'upon the request of' member a potestative condition having no effect — Pension claimable in 1985 — Request therefor made in 1993 and action instituted in 1994 — Prescription F commencing in 1985 — Claim extinguished by prescription in about 1988.

Headnote : Kopnota

A creditor cannot by his unilateral arbitrary conduct postpone the commencement of extinctive prescription. Where the creditor is able to enforce his right, but does not do so, there is no reason to protect him from the consequences of prescription. (At 262C and 261G/H.) G

Clause 6 of the Rules of the defendant disability pension fund provided as follows: 'If a member of the Fund has become disabled by bodily injury or illness so that he is thereby totally prevented from following his own occupation for wages or profit, and such disability has continued for an unbroken period of at least four months and still H continues, the board of trustees shall upon the request of such a member grant a disability pension as defined in clause 10, . . .'. The plaintiff was a member of the disability pension fund and had in 1994 instituted action in a Provincial Division against the defendant for the payment of a disability pension in terms of clause 6, read with clause 10(c), of the 'Rules of the Fund'. The plaintiff alleged that in 1982, whilst he was I a member of the Fund, he had sustained certain bodily injuries as a result of which he became, in 1985, totally disabled from following his occupation for wages or profit; that this continuing disability had lasted for more than four months; and that on 8 June 1993 he had requested the defendant's board of trustees to grant him a disability pension in terms of clause 6 but that the board had refused to do so. In a special plea the defendant alleged that a disability pension became claimable 'by a member of the defendant in the circumstances defined in clause 6', ie that the claimability of the pension was dependent only upon the commencement and continuation for four months of the member's total disablement from following his occupation and that the member's request to the board was not a requirement therefor. It was accordingly alleged that, in terms of s 12 of the Prescription Act 68 J

1996 (3) SA p254

A of 1969, prescription of the defendant's obligation to grant the pension commenced when it became claimable, which occurred in 1985, and that the defendant's obligation had accordingly been extinguished by prescription in about 1988.

Held, that any obligation which one person had to another could in principle be extinguished by prescription, and that the obligation imposed on the defendant by clause 6 of the rules to grant or approve the pension was accordingly subject to prescription. (At 257B.) B

Held, further, that, according to the wording of s 12(1) of the Prescription Act ('Subject to the provisions of ss (2) and (3), prescription shall commence to run as soon as the debt is due'), prescription commenced running as soon as a debt could be claimed, and that the actual claiming thereof was not relevant thereto. (At 258H-I.)

Held, further, as to the plaintiff's contention that a request was in terms of clause 6 a prerequisite to the grant of a disability pension, that on that interpretation of the rules it would mean that the pension was subject to a (potestative) condition 'si voluero' ('if I C should have willed' or 'if I should have decided'), and that such a condition had no effect. (At 258I/J-259A/B.)

Held, accordingly, that the grant of the pension was 'claimable', or rather 'capable of undergoing claiming', from the date in 1985 and not from the date of the request - the...

To continue reading

Request your trial
6 practice notes
  • Primavera Construction SA v Government, North-West Province, and Another
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...v Barclays National Bank Ltd 1984 (4) SA 609 (A): referred to Kotzé v Ongeskiktheidsfonds van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch 1996 (3) SA 252 (C): dictum at 258H Leyland (SA) (Pty) Ltd v Rex Evans Motors (Pty) Ltd 1980 (4) SA 271 (W): dictum at 273 followed B Malcomess Scania (Pty) Ltd v ......
  • The Prescription Period Applicable to a Debt Secured by Notarial Bond
    • South Africa
    • Stellenbosch Law Review No. , May 2019
    • 27 May 2019
    ...section, 40 Middelburg v Prokureursorde Transvaal 20 01 2 SALR 865 (SCA) para 6.41 2000 3 SALR 54 (SCA).42 Paras 13-18.43 Par a 18.44 1996 3 SA 252 (C) 258A-H.45 Deloitte Has kins & Sells Cons ultants (Pty) Ltd v Bow thorpe Hellerma n Deutsch (Pty) Ltd 1991 1 SA 525 (A) 532H.46 Deloitte Has......
  • Phasha v Southern Metropolitan Local Council of the Greater Johannesburg Metropolitan Council
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...HMBMP Properties (Pty) Ltd v King 1981 (1) SA 906 (N): applied Kotze v Ongeskiktheidsfonds van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch 1996 (3) SA 252 (C): dictum at 261H Lagerwey v Rich and Others 1973 (4) SA 340 (T): dictum at 345G applied Lamprecht v Lyttelton Township (Pty) Ltd 1948 (4) SA 52......
  • Burley Appliances Ltd v Grobbelaar NO and Others
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...A Howard v Herrigel and Another NNO 1991 (2) SA 660 (A): referred to Kotzé v Ongeskiktheidsfonds van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch 1996 (3) SA 252 (C): referred L & P Plant Hire BK v Bosch 2001 CLR 602 (SCA): applied Mafikeng Mail (Pty) Ltd v Centner (No 1) 1995 (4) SA 603 (W): applied ......
  • Request a trial to view additional results
5 cases
  • Primavera Construction SA v Government, North-West Province, and Another
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...v Barclays National Bank Ltd 1984 (4) SA 609 (A): referred to Kotzé v Ongeskiktheidsfonds van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch 1996 (3) SA 252 (C): dictum at 258H Leyland (SA) (Pty) Ltd v Rex Evans Motors (Pty) Ltd 1980 (4) SA 271 (W): dictum at 273 followed B Malcomess Scania (Pty) Ltd v ......
  • Phasha v Southern Metropolitan Local Council of the Greater Johannesburg Metropolitan Council
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...HMBMP Properties (Pty) Ltd v King 1981 (1) SA 906 (N): applied Kotze v Ongeskiktheidsfonds van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch 1996 (3) SA 252 (C): dictum at 261H Lagerwey v Rich and Others 1973 (4) SA 340 (T): dictum at 345G applied Lamprecht v Lyttelton Township (Pty) Ltd 1948 (4) SA 52......
  • Burley Appliances Ltd v Grobbelaar NO and Others
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...A Howard v Herrigel and Another NNO 1991 (2) SA 660 (A): referred to Kotzé v Ongeskiktheidsfonds van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch 1996 (3) SA 252 (C): referred L & P Plant Hire BK v Bosch 2001 CLR 602 (SCA): applied Mafikeng Mail (Pty) Ltd v Centner (No 1) 1995 (4) SA 603 (W): applied ......
  • Harmony Gold Mining Company Bpk v Ndoesele Xuma
    • South Africa
    • Free State Division, Bloemfontein
    • 10 May 2012
    ...nie. 2012 JDR 0778 p13 Murray Wnd R [25] Mnr Els het ook gesteun op KOTZé v ONGESKIKTHEIDSFONDS VAN DIE UNIVERSITEIT VAN STELLENBOSCH, 1996 (3) SA 252 (C) te 258B-C waar bevind is verjaring begin loop sodra die skuld "opeising kan ondergaan" of "geskik is om opeising te ondergaan" en dat di......
  • Request a trial to view additional results
1 books & journal articles
  • The Prescription Period Applicable to a Debt Secured by Notarial Bond
    • South Africa
    • Stellenbosch Law Review No. , May 2019
    • 27 May 2019
    ...section, 40 Middelburg v Prokureursorde Transvaal 20 01 2 SALR 865 (SCA) para 6.41 2000 3 SALR 54 (SCA).42 Paras 13-18.43 Par a 18.44 1996 3 SA 252 (C) 258A-H.45 Deloitte Has kins & Sells Cons ultants (Pty) Ltd v Bow thorpe Hellerma n Deutsch (Pty) Ltd 1991 1 SA 525 (A) 532H.46 Deloitte Has......

VLEX uses login cookies to provide you with a better browsing experience. If you click on 'Accept' or continue browsing this site we consider that you accept our cookie policy. ACCEPT