Contribution to the assessment and prediction of companies? Tax risks in the administration of tax

AuthorSamara, B.W.
DOIhttps://doi.org/10.47348/AMTJ/V2/i1a10
Published date28 March 2022
Date28 March 2022
Citation(2022) 2 AMTJ 179
Pages179-200
https://doi.org/10.47348/AMTJ/V2/i1a10
179
CONTRIBUTION À L’ÉVALUATION ET LA PRÉDICTION
DES RISQUES FISCAUX DES ENTREPRISES DANS
L’ADMINISTRATION FISCALE
CONTRIBUTION TO THE ASSESSMENT AND PREDICTION
OF COMPANIES’TAX RISKS IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF
TAX
CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA A AVALIAÇÃO E PREVISÃO DOS
RISCOS FISCAIS DAS EMPRESAS NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO DO
IMPOSTO
Bayoma Wili Samara*
Yao Messah Kounetsron
JEL classif ication: C53, H29, H32
RÉSUMÉ
La gestion du risque fiscal impose une évaluation adéquate de ce risque sur la base
de déterminants préalablement identifiés. La conception d’un outil de prédiction des
risques fiscaux est l’objectif principal visé par cet article. Ainsi, à partir des données
d’une soixantaine de grandes entreprises au Togo, la méthode de scoring a permis
d’une part d’identifi er les déterminants du r isque fiscal, et d’autre part d’évaluer e t de
prédire ce risque. Les résultats montrent qu’au Togo, la taille de l’entreprise, le prix
de transfert, l’effet de levier, le secteur d’activité et la renommée du cabinet d’audit
comptable affectent négativement la conformité des grandes entreprises vis-à-vis de
leurs obligations fiscales. Par contre, l’endettement total, la présence d’actionnaires
étrangers et les avantages fiscaux ont une influence positive sur leur comportement
fiscal. Avec un pouvoir prédictif de 75%, cette étude vérif ie empiriquement que, les
méthodes modernes d’évaluation du risque améliorent la performance du système de
contrôle des administrations fiscales. Par con séquence, l’Office Togolais des R ecettes
devrait renforcer son mécanisme de contrôle à l’endroit des grandes entreprises,
particulièrement celles évoluant dans le secteur financier, et privilégier l’utilisation
des méthodes statistiques et économétriques d’évaluation du risque fiscal. Toutefois,
la marge d’erreur de 25% laisse penser à l’existence d’autres facteurs susceptible
d’améliorer la pertin ence des résultats.
Mots-clés:évaluation, grande entreprise,prédiction, risque f iscal, scoring
ABSTRACT
Tax risk managemen t requires an adequate assess ment of the risk based on prev iously
identified determinants. The main objective of this article is to design atax risk
*Macroéconomiste-financier, Chef section budget à l’Office Togolais des Recettes:
emmanuelwilis@yahoo.fr.
Maîtres de Conférences Agrégé, directeur de l’Institut Universitaire de Technologie de
Gestion à l’Université de Lomé, TOGO: ykounetsron@univ-lome.tg.
(2022) 2 AMTJ 179
© Juta and Company (Pty) Ltd
180AFRICAN MULTIDISCIPLINARY TAX JOURNAL
https://doi.org/10.47348/AMTJ/V2/i1a10
prediction tool. To achieve this objective, data were collected from about sixty big
companies in Togo. The scoring method first identified tax risks determinants and
then assessed and predicted that r isk. The results show that in Togo, company size,
transfer price, the leverage effect, the sector of activity, and the reputation of the
accounting a uditing firm negatively af fect big companies’ tax co mpliance. In contrast,
total indebtedness, foreign shareholders’ presence and tax incentives have a positive
impact on their tax behaviour. With a predictive power of 75 per cent, this research
empirically verifies that modern risk assessment methods improve the performance
of the tax administration control system. Consequently, the Togolese Revenue
Authority should focus on strengthening its control mechanism for big companies,
particularly those involved in the financial sector. It should further prioritise the use
of statistical and econometric methods to assess tax risk. However, an error margin
of 25 per cent suggests the existence of other factors which could likely improve the
appropriateness of the results.
Keywords: assessment, big company, prediction, tax risk, scoring
RESUMO
A gestão do risc o fiscal requer uma avalia ção adequada deste risc o com base em factores
determinantes previamente identif icados. A concepção de um instr umento de previsão
do risco fi scal é o principal objecti vo deste artigo. De facto, a partir de d ados recolhidos
junto a cerca de sessenta grandes empresas do Togo, o método de pontuação permitiu,
por um lado, identificar os factores determinantes do risco fiscal e, por outro lado,
avaliar e preve r esse risco. Os resultados most ram que no Togo, a dimensão da empresa,
os preços de transfe rência, o efeito de alavanca, o sector de actividade e a reputação da
empresa de audito ria contabilística af ectam negativamente o cu mprimento por parte d as
grandes empresas das suas obrigações fiscais. Por outro lado, o endividamento total,
a presença de accionistas estrangeiros e os incentivos fiscais têm um impacto positivo
no seu comportamento fi scal. Com um poder de previsão de 75%, este e studo verifica
empirica mente que os métodos modernos de a valiação de risco melhoram o d esempenho
do sistema de controlo da administração tributária. Consequentemente, a Autoridade
Togolesa das Receitas deveria reforçar o seu mecanismo de controlo para as grandes
empresas, particularmente as que estão envolvidas no sector financeiro e deveria dar
prioridade à utilização de métodos estatísticos e econométricos na avaliação do risco
fiscal. No e ntanto, uma margem de erro de 25% sugere a e xistência de outros factore s
que poderiam p rovavelmente melhorar a pertin ência dos resultados.
Palavras-chave: avaliação, grande empresa, previsão, risco f iscal, pontuação
I INTRODUCTION
La fiscalité constitue l’un des principaux outils de mobilisation des
ressources internes nécessaires au financement des besoins des pays,
surtout ceux e n développement. Au Togo, l’O ffice Togolais des Recette s
(OTR) est l’organe chargé de collecter à la fois les recettes fiscales et
douanières.
© Juta and Company (Pty) Ltd

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