Welkom Bottling Co (Pty) Ltd en 'n Ander v Belfast Mineral Waters (OFS) (Pty) Ltd
| Jurisdiction | South Africa |
| Judgment Date | 13 April 1967 |
| Citation | 1967 (3) SA 45 (O) |
Welkom Bottling Co (Pty) Ltd en 'n Ander v Belfast Mineral Waters (OFS) (Pty) Ltd
1967 (3) SA 45 (O)
1967 (3) SA p45
|
Citation |
1967 (3) SA 45 (O) |
|
Court |
Oranje-Vrystaatse Provinsiale Afdeling |
|
Judge |
Erasmus R |
|
Heard |
December 3, 1966 |
|
Judgment |
April 13, 1967 |
Flynote : Sleutelwoorde
Prysbeheer — Mineraalwater — Deposito per leë bottel wat enige verkoper aan enigiemand wat die bottel aanbied, moet uitbetaal — Verpligtend selfs as bottel nie van verkoper gekoop is nie — Reg. 3, van G.K. 1290 van 1966 — Nie ultra vires Wet 25 van 1964 nie — Interdik — Prysbeheerregulasies verleen geldigheid aan optrede — Regulasies nie ultra vires nie — Interdik geweier.
Headnote : Kopnota
Ingevolge regulasie 3 van Goewermentskennisgewing 1290 van 1966, wat die maksimum deposito's per bottel vasstel wat enige verkoper van 'n persoon wat mineraalwater in 'n bottel koop, kan eis, en wat bepaal dat 'die bedrae aldus aangegee word deur 'n verkoper van mineraalwater aan enigiemand wat 'n onbeskadigde leë mineraalwaterbottel aan hom aanbied uitbetaal', is die uitbetalings van deposito's verpligtend ten opsigte van 'enigiemand' wat 'n leë bottel aanbied, en nie slegs die persoon wat die bottel by sodanige verkoper gekoop het nie. Verder, aangesien die regulasie binne die raamwerk van die magtigende Wet op Prysbeheer, 25 van 1964, val, is dit nie ultra vires nie.
In 'n aansoek deur die bottelleerders van Coca-Cola produkte om 'n bevel wat die respondent, applikante se grootste mededinger in die koeldrankbesigheid, belet om applikante se bottels aan te koop en uit die applikante se handelsgebied te verwyder,
Beslis, dat die prysbeheerregulasies geldigheid aan respondent se optrede verleen, en dat die betrokke regulasie nie ultra vires is nie.
Beslis, verder, afgesien van die regulasies, dat die applikante nie 'n duidelike reg bewys het nie. Gevolglik moet die bevel nisi, wat uitgereik was, opgehef word.
Flynote : Sleutelwoorde
Price control — Mineral water — Deposit per empty bottle which seller must refund to anybody tendering the bottle — Obligatory even if bottle was not bought from seller — Reg. 3 of G.N. 1290 of 1966 — Not ultra vires Act 25 of 1964 — Interdict — Price control regulations giving validity to the conduct — Regulations not ultra vires — Interdict refused.
Headnote : Kopnota
Under regulation 3 of Government Notice 1290 of 1966, which prescribes the maximum deposits per bottle which any seller can demand of a person who buys mineral water in a bottle, and which provides that 'the amounts thus specified are to be refunded by a seller of mineral water to anybody who tenders him an undamaged empty mineral water bottle', the refunding of deposits is obligatory in respect of 'anybody' who tenders an empty bottle, and not only the person who bought the bottle from such seller. Furthermore, as the regulation falls within the framework of the empowering Price Control Act, 25 of 1964, it is not ultra vires.
1967 (3) SA p46
In an application by the bottlers of Coca-Cola products for an order restraining the respondent, applicant's largest competitor in the cool drink business, from buying applicant's bottles and removing them from applicant's trading area,
Held, that the price control regulations gave validity to respondent's conduct and that the relevant regulation was not ultra vires.
Held, further, apart from the regulations, that the applicant had not established a clear right. Accordingly the rule nisi, which had been issued, should be discharged.
Case Information
Bekragtiging van 'n bevel nisi. Die feite blyk uit die uitspraak.
M. E. Kumleben, S.C., namens die applikante: The affidavits have raised questions on the interpretation and validity of the price control regulations published in Government Notices 1571 and 1523. It may be contended that the price control regulations read with the Act are not merely regulations affecting the rights of individuals inter se but that the price controller has an actual interest in the enforcement and C interpretation of such regulations and that the Minister thus has a legal interest in this aspect of the case. Adjudication on this aspect is a necessary step in the grant or refusal of the relief claimed. Cf. Morgan and Another v Salisbury Municipality, 1935 AD 187 at pp. 171 - 173. The wording of the relevant regulation does not impose on any seller of the particular brand an unlimited obligation to receive any D number of bottles tendered to him by any person and to pay out the stipulated 'deposit' on such bottles: the wording is against such a construction. The object of the regulation is price control. The words are intended to prevent a seller refunding a lesser amount and thus, in the result or in effect selling at a higher price. Cf. Bhana v Dönges, E N.O. and Another, 1950 (4) SA 653 at p. 662A. An arrangement that a bottler will only supply to dealers and refund the deposit to them in no way offends price control regulations. B
Alternatively if such a wide interpretation must be given to these words, they are then ultra vires the empowering Act 25 of 1964. See Rex F v. Williams, 1914 CPD 277 at p. 283; Caney, Statute Law and Subordinate Legislation, pp. 95 - 98. The provisions of the Act authorise the regulation or control of the price if a person chooses to sell, or the amount of deposit or refund if a seller chooses to take a deposit. They go no further than this and do not authorise an interference with free trade or the autonomy of contract. Whether or not G a sale of the contents was previously concluded, the delivery of the bottle and receipt of the deposit were governed by the conditions on the invoice, which provides for signature and refers to such conditions. Cf. George and Fairmead Ltd., 1958 (2) SA 465 at p. 471B - C; Chikhagee v Southern Aviation (Pty.) Ltd., 1949 (4) SA 105 at pp. 109, 110; Wessels, Law of Contract, 2nd ed. vol. 1, para. 254; vol. 2 para. 4426. H On applicant's agreement with dealers, the right to retrieve a deposit is not freely
1967 (3) SA p47
cedable in the sense that anyone - a private person or a rival bottler - can derive the legal right to claim the deposit paid by a dealer. This right can only be exercised by a dealer. From the nature of the contract this right is personal to or restricted to dealers. De Wet and Yeats, Kontraktereg, 3rd ed., pp. 180, 183; Wessels, supra, para. A 1711. Moreover, even if the nature of the contract does not preclude cession, the agreement actually contains a pactum de non cedendo serving a functional purpose 'when the bottles and cases are returned by the original purchaser (the dealer concerned)'. Wessels, supra, para. 1715; du Plessis v Scott, 1950 (2) SA 614 at p. 616.
H. J. O. van Heerden, namens die respondent: Die jongste B prysbeheerregulasies bepaal dat die maksimum deposito per bottel wat 'n verkoper kan vorder, die bedrag is wat genoem word in die Tweede Bylae, en dat bedoelde bedrag deur 'n verkoper uitbetaal moet word aan enigiemand wat 'n onbeskadigde leë bottel van 'n merk waarin die verkoper handel, aan hom aanbied. Sien Aanhangsel B 1. Die gewone C betekenis van enigiemand is enige persoon hoegenaamd, en die bedoelde betekenis sou verkrag word indien die woord vertolk word as 'enigiemand wat die bottel by hom gekoop het'. Dit is duidelik waarom so 'n wye verpligting op die verkoper geplaas is. Indien hy slegs verplig was om D die deposito terug te betaal aan 'n persoon wat die aangebode bottel by hom gekoop het, sou die bepalings van geen praktiese nut gewees het nie, want aangesien die mineraalwaterbottels identies is en nie uitmekaar geken kan word nie, sou 'n koper in die reël nie in staat wees om te bewys dat hy 'n spesifieke bottel by 'n spesifieke handelaar gekoop het nie. Dit is nie toelaatbaar nie om by die uitleg van die onderhawige E bepaling te verwys na enige vorm van bespreking wat die uitvaardiging daarvan voorafgegaan het. Paragrawe 3 tot 8 van die verklaring van Cook moet dus geskrap word. Mathiba and Others v Moschke, 1920 AD 362; Mavromati v Union Exploration (Pty.) Ltd., 1949 (4) SA 927. Die genoemde regulasie word wel gemagtig deur art. 5 (1) (c) van Wet 25 van F 1964 waarvolgens die kontroleur mag voorskryf die bedrag wat by terugversorging van 'n houer waarin goedere verkoop is, terugbetaal moet word, asook die voorwaardes waarop die terugbetaling betaalbaar word. Die bedoeling van die Wetgewer was klaarblyklik dat die kontroleur maksimum deposito's kon vasstel wat terugbetaalbaar sou wees, en hy is dus bevoeg om by wyse van regulasie enige maatreël neer te lê wat G hierdie doel sal bevorder. Die doel sal gefnuik word indien die deposito nie aan enige persoon terugbetaalbaar is nie. Steyn, Uitleg van Wette, 3de uitg., bl. 193 - 8; Middelburg Municipality v Gertzen, 1914 AD 544 te bl. 552; R v Dickson, 1934 AD 231 te bl. 233. Indien 'n regulasie binne die raamwerk van 'n uitdruklik verleende bevoegdheid H val, is dit nie aanvegbaar op grond van onredelikheid nie. Feinstein v Baleta, 1930 AD 319 te bl. 332. 'n Reg is in elk geval nooit aanvegbaar bloot omdat dit onredelik is nie; die onredelikheid moet van so 'n aard wees dat daaruit 'n afleiding van mala fides ens. gemaak kan word. Johannesburg City Council v Constandelas, 1936 AD 13; Sinovich v Hercules Municipal Council, 1946 AD te bl. 789 - 791.
Die applikante beweer dat die respondent nie sy regte (insluitende besit van die bottels) aan 'n persoon buite hulle gebied kan oordra nie,
1967 (3) SA p48
omdat hulle dan die gevaar sal loop dat die bottels nooit weer by hulle sal terugkom nie. Hierdie stelling is lynreg in stryd met die algemene beginsel dat, tensy anders ooreengekom, regte vryelik oordraagbaar is. A Indien A sy motor aan B sou verhuur, en B van voorneme is om sy huurreg, insluitende besit van die motor, aan C oor te dra, kan A tog nie die sessie belet op grond van die feit...
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...v Bloemfontein District Creamery 1966 (1) SA 159 (O) at 163; Welkom Bottling Co (Pty) Ltd v Belfast Mineral Waters (OFS) (Pty) Ltd 1967 (3) SA 45 (O) at 48; Community Development Board v H Revision Court, Durban Central, and Another 1971 (1) SA 557 (N) at 565; Ebrahim v Minister of the Inte......
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Van der Westhuizen NO v United Democratic Front
...(3) SA 460 (R); Hulett v Administrator, Cape 1967 (2) SA 483 (E); Welkom Bottling Co (Pty) Ltd v Belfast Mineral Waters (OFS) (Pty) Ltd 1967 (3) SA 45 (O); Administrator, D Transvaal, and The Firs Investments (Pty) Ltd v Johannesburg City Council 1971 (1) SA 56 (A); Johannesburg City Counci......
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Manyasha v Minister of Law and Order
...v Bloemfontein District Creamery 1966 (1) SA 159 (O) at 163; Welkom Bottling Co (Pty) Ltd v Belfast Mineral Waters (OFS) (Pty) Ltd 1967 (3) SA 45 (O) at 48; Community Development Board v H Revision Court, Durban Central, and Another 1971 (1) SA 557 (N) at 565; Ebrahim v Minister of the Inte......
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Van der Westhuizen NO v United Democratic Front
...(3) SA 460 (R); Hulett v Administrator, Cape 1967 (2) SA 483 (E); Welkom Bottling Co (Pty) Ltd v Belfast Mineral Waters (OFS) (Pty) Ltd 1967 (3) SA 45 (O); Administrator, D Transvaal, and The Firs Investments (Pty) Ltd v Johannesburg City Council 1971 (1) SA 56 (A); Johannesburg City Counci......
-
Manyasha v Minister of Law and Order
...v Bloemfontein District Creamery 1966 (1) SA 159 (O) at 163; Welkom Bottling Co (Pty) Ltd v Belfast Mineral Waters (OFS) (Pty) Ltd 1967 (3) SA 45 (O) at 48; Community Development Board v H Revision Court, Durban Central, and Another 1971 (1) SA 557 (N) at 565; Ebrahim v Minister of the Inte......