S v Mtsweni
| Jurisdiction | South Africa |
| Judgment Date | 29 November 1984 |
| Citation | 1985 (1) SA 590 (A) |
S v Mtsweni
1985 (1) SA 590 (A)
1985 (1) SA p590
|
Citation |
1985 (1) SA 590 (A) |
|
Court |
Appèlafdeling |
|
Judge |
Rabie HR, Jansen AR, Miller AR, Smalberger Wn AR en Vivier Wn AR |
|
Heard |
November 23, 1984 |
|
Judgment |
November 29, 1984 |
Flynote : Sleutelwoorde
Strafproses — Getuienis — Valse getuienis deur H beskuldigde — Uitwerking van — Moet daarteen gewaak word om oormatige gewig aan leuenagtige getuienis van beskuldigde te verleen wanneer dit by die aflei van gevolgrekkings en die bepaling van skuld kom — Gewig wat daaraan verleen word moet met die omstandighede van elke geval verband hou — Oorwegings waarop gelet behoort te word uiteengesit. I
Flynote : Sleutelwoorde
Criminal procedure — Evidence — Accused giving false evidence — Effect of — Caution must be exercised not to attach too much weight to untruthful evidence of accused when drawing conclusions and determining guilt — Weight to be attached thereto must be related to the circumstances of each case — Considerations which ought to be taken into account set out.
Headnote : Kopnota
Although the untruthful evidence or denial of an accused is of importance when it comes to the drawing of conclusions and the determination of guilt, caution must be exercised against attaching too much weight thereto. The conclusion that, because an accused is untruthful, he therefore is probably guilty must especially be guarded against. Untruthful evidence or a false statement does not always justify the most extreme conclusion. The weight to be attached thereto must be related to the circumstances of each case. In considering false testimony by an accused, the following matters should, inter alia, be taken into account: (a) the nature, extent and materiality of the lies and whether they necessarily point to a realisation of guilt; (b) the accused's age, level of development and cultural and social background and standing insofar as they might provide an explanation for his lies; (c) possible reasons why people might turn to lying, eg, because, in a given case, a lie might sound more acceptable than the truth; (d) the tendency which might arise in some people to deny the truth out of fear of being held to be involved in a crime, or because they fear that an admission of their involvement in an incident or crime, however trivial the involvement, would lead to the danger of an inference of participation and guilt out of proportion to the truth.
1985 (1) SA p591
Headnote : Kopnota
Terwyl die leuenagtige getuienis of ontkenning van 'n A beskuldigde van belang is wanneer dit by die aflei van gevolgtrekkings en die bepaling van skuld kom, moet daarteen gewaak word om oormatige gewig daaraan te verleen. Veral moet daar gewaak word teen 'n afleiding dat, omdat 'n beskuldigde 'n leuenaar is, hy daarom waarskynlik skuldig is. Leuenagtige getuienis of 'n valse verklaring regverdig nie altyd die uiterste afleiding nie. Die gewig wat daaraan verleen word moet met die omstandighede van elke geval verband hou. By die B beoordeling van leuenagtige getuienis deur 'n beskuldigde moet daar, onder meer, gelet word op: (a) die aard, omvang en wesenlikheid van die leuens en of hulle noodwendig op 'n skuldbesef dui; (b) die beskuldigde se ouderdom, ontwikkelingspeil, kulturele en maatskaplike agtergrond en stand in soverre hulle 'n verduideliking vir sy leuens kan bied; (c) moontlike redes waarom mense hulle tot leuens wend, bv omdat in 'n gegewe geval 'n leuen meer aanneemlik as die C waarheid mag klink; (d) die neiging wat by sommige mense mag ontstaan om die waarheid te ontken uit vrees dat hulle by 'n misdaad betrek gaan word, of omdat hulle vrees dat erkenning van hulle betrokkenheid by 'n voorval of misdaad, hoe gering ook al, gevare inhou van 'n afleiding van deelname en skuld buite verhouding tot die waarheid.
Case Information
Appèl teen 'n skuldigbevinding in die Transvaalse Provinsiale D Afdeling (CURLEWIS R). Die feite blyk uit die uitspraak van SMALBERGER WN AR.
A J Fourie namens die appellant op versoek van die Hof het na die volgende gesag verwys: R v Blom 1939 AD 188; R v Mlambo 1957 (4) SA 727 (A); S v Steynberg 1983 (3) SA 140 (A); E Goodrich v Goodrich 1946 AD 390; S v Mbele 1981 (2) SA 738 (A).
J D Visser namens die Staat het na die volgende gesag verwys: S v Mbele 1981 (2) SA 738 (A) op 743; S v Mdluli and Others 1972 (2) SA 839 (A); S v Mofokeng and Another 1968 (4) SA 852 (W) op 858; S v Dhlamini and Another 1971 (1) SA 807 (A) op 815; R v Mlambo 1957 (4) SA 727 (A) op 738; S v Steynberg 1983 (3) SA 140 (A) F op 147; R v Blom 1939 AD 188 op 202; S v Williams en 'n Ander 1970 (2) SA 654 (A) op 657; R v Dhlumayo and Another 1948 (2) SA 677 (A) op 705.
Cur adv vult.
Postea (November 29).
1985 (1) SA p592
Judgment A
Smalberger Wn AR:
Die appellant is in die Transvaalse Provinsiale Afdeling deur CURLEWIS R en twee assessore daaraan skuldig bevind dat hy Willem Magagamela (die oorledene) vermoor en beroof het. Ten aansien van die moordaanklag het die Verhoorhof geen versagtende omstandighede bevind nie, en die B appellant is bygevolg die doodstraf opgelê. Wat die roofaanklag betref, ten opsigte waarvan daar verswarende omstandighede...
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The evidentiary value of adverse inferences from the accused's right to silence
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