S v Mongalo

JurisdictionSouth Africa
CourtOrange Free State Provincial Division
JudgeDe Wet Wn RP en Lichtenberg Wn R
Judgment Date06 October 1977
Citation1978 (1) SA 414 (O)
Hearing Date26 September 1977

S v Mongalo
1978 (1) SA 414 (O)

1978 (1) SA p414


Citation

1978 (1) SA 414 (O)

Court

Oranje-Vrystaatse Provinsiale Afdeling

Judge

De Wet Wn RP en Lichtenberg Wn R

Heard

September 26, 1977

Judgment

October 6, 1977

Flynote : Sleutelwoorde

Strafreg — Persone, aanspreeklikheid van — Mededaderskap — Wanneer nie bewys nie — Gemeenskaplike doel — Staat moet bewys dat beskuldigde saamgespan het met, of 'n handeling verrig het ter bevordering van, sy medebeskuldigde se misdaad of daarmee behulpsaam was.

Strafreg — Diefstal — Mededader — Wanneer mededaderskap nie bewys is nie — Gemeenskaplike doel — Staat moet bewys dat beskuldigde saamgespan het met, of 'n handeling verrig het ter bevordering van, sy medebeskuldigde se diefstal of dat hy daarmee behulpsaam was — Sodanige nie bewys nie.

Strafproses — Getuienis — Valse getuienis deur beskuldigdes — Gesamentlike poging deur beskuldigdes om valse verduideliking te gee — Quaere: Of dit tesame met ander getuienis volgens ons bewysreg in oorweging geneem kan word as getuienis van skuld.

Headnote : Kopnota

Die appellant en 'n ander is deur 'n streeklanddros skuldig bevind aan diefstal en gevonnis. Uit die getuienis het dit geblyk dat die klaer agter sy vrou by die toonbank van 'n kafee gestaan het toe appellant tussen die klaer en sy vrou inbeweeg het en die ander beskuldigde agter klaer gaan staan het en geld uit klaer se regter-heupsak gesteel het. Toe klaer die winkeleienaar versoek het om die polisie te ontbied, het appellant en die ander beskuldigde saam die kafee verlaat en saam weggehardloop. Hulle is later saam gearresteer deur die polisie. Appellant en die ander beskuldigde het soortgelyke ongeloofwaardige verwere teen die klag opgewerp. In 'n appèl teen appellant se skuldigbevinding, het die Staat betoog dat appellant en sy medebeskuldigde gesamentlik opgetree het en dus die gemeenskaplike doel gehad om klaer se geld te steel. Dit is betoog dat die gesamentlike doel uit die volgende feite afgelei kon word: (a) dat appellant en sy medebeskuldigde saam op die toneel van die misdaad aangekom het en die kafee binnegestap het; (b) dat hulle ongewone posisies ingeneem het in die ry wat klaer en sy vrou voor die toonbank gevorm het; (c) dat hulle saam weggehardloop het en is saam gearresteer; en (d) dat hulle soortgelyke ongeloofwaardige verwere opgewerp het wat verwerp moes word.

Beslis, dat daar geen sprake van mededadersakp kon wees nie want appellant het self geen dieftige handeling of daad verrig nie, en hy het ook nie aan sy medebeskuldigde se diefstalspleging daadwerklik deelgeneem nie.

Beslis, verder, dat daar ook nie die afleiding gemaak kon word nie dat appellant enige hulp aan sy medebeskuldigde verleen het of die pleging van die diefstal enigsins bevorder het nie.

Beslis, verder, dat appellant egter nog steeds skuldig aan diefstal kon wees indien die Staat bewys het dat hy en sy medebeskuldigde 'n gemeenskaplike doel gehad het om diefstal te pleeg, maar dan moes die Staat bewys het dat appellant saamgespan het met, of 'n handeling of handelinge verrig het ter bevordering van, sy medebeskuldigde se diefstal of dat hy daarmee behulpsaam was, met ander woorde, dat hy iets gedoen het waaruit die redelike afleiding gemaak kon word dat sodanige gemeenskaplike doel tussen hom en sy medebeskuldigde bestaan het en dat hy dit wou bevorder.

Beslis, verder, op die getuienis, dat getuienis van verklarings of handelinge of optrede wat op gemeenskaplike doel dui ontbreek het, en derhalwe neem die appellant en sy medebeskuldigde se valse getuienis die Staat se saak geensins verder nie. Skuldigbevinding ter syde gestel.

Quaere: Of die beslissing in die Geheime Raad in Mawaz Khan and Another v R., (1967) 1 All E.R. 80 op bl. 83, dat "the concerted attempt to give a false explanation... was evidence of guilt to be taken into consideration with the other evidence given in the case. It is an additional factor to be taken into consideration with all other relevant evidence," ook in ons bewysreg geldig is.

Flynote : Sleutelwoorde

Criminal law — Persons, liability of — Accomplice — When not proved to be an accomplice — Common purpose — State must prove that accused conspired in, or committed an act in furtherance of, his co-accused's crime or that he assisted therein.

Criminal law — Theft — Accomplice — When not proved to be an accomplice — Common purpose — State must prove that accused conspired in, or committed

1978 (1) SA p415

an act in furtherance of, his co-accused's theft or that he assisted therein — Such not proved.

Criminal procedure — Evidence — False evidence by accused — Concerted attempt by accused to give a false explanation — Quaere: Whether that together with other evidence can, according to our law, be taken into consideration as evidence of guilt.

Headnote : Kopnota

The appellant and another had been convicted by a regional magistrate of theft and sentenced. From the evidence it appeared that the complainant had been standing behind his wife at...

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3 practice notes
  • S v Mooi and Another
    • South Africa
    • 30 May 1990
    ...v Mphahlele and Another 1982 (4) SA 505 (A) at 522D-F; R v Mawaz Khan [1967] 1 AC 454 ([1967] 1 All ER 80); but contra see S v Mongalo 1978 (1) SA 414 (O) at 419; Viviers v E Kilian 1927 AD 449 at 454; S v Lebone 1965 (2) SA 837 (A); S v Motlhabakwe en Andere 1985 (3) SA 188 (NC); S v Talan......
  • S v Banda and Others
    • South Africa
    • 27 October 1989
    ...connection he referred to the case of Mawaz Khan v R [1967] 1 AC 454 (PC) ([1967] 1 All ER 80) which was considered in S v Mongalo 1978 (1) SA 414 (O) at F 414. This case was also referred to in Hoffmann and Zeffertt (op cit at Mr Kuny agreed that an extra-curial statement made by one accus......
  • Stemmett v Oranje-Vrystaatse Ongediertebestrydings- en Wildbewaringsvereniging
    • South Africa
    • 6 October 1977
    ...of daar wesentlike nakoming was. (Viljoen en 'n Ander v A.A. Onderlinge Assuransie-Assosiasie Bpk., 1973 (2) SA 673 (T) op bl. 678A.) 1978 (1) SA p414 Brink Die feite, in die onderhawige saak, met betrekking tot die grond in die Senekal-distrik waarvan die appellant die bewoner is, toon aan......
3 cases
  • S v Mooi and Another
    • South Africa
    • 30 May 1990
    ...v Mphahlele and Another 1982 (4) SA 505 (A) at 522D-F; R v Mawaz Khan [1967] 1 AC 454 ([1967] 1 All ER 80); but contra see S v Mongalo 1978 (1) SA 414 (O) at 419; Viviers v E Kilian 1927 AD 449 at 454; S v Lebone 1965 (2) SA 837 (A); S v Motlhabakwe en Andere 1985 (3) SA 188 (NC); S v Talan......
  • S v Banda and Others
    • South Africa
    • 27 October 1989
    ...connection he referred to the case of Mawaz Khan v R [1967] 1 AC 454 (PC) ([1967] 1 All ER 80) which was considered in S v Mongalo 1978 (1) SA 414 (O) at F 414. This case was also referred to in Hoffmann and Zeffertt (op cit at Mr Kuny agreed that an extra-curial statement made by one accus......
  • Stemmett v Oranje-Vrystaatse Ongediertebestrydings- en Wildbewaringsvereniging
    • South Africa
    • 6 October 1977
    ...of daar wesentlike nakoming was. (Viljoen en 'n Ander v A.A. Onderlinge Assuransie-Assosiasie Bpk., 1973 (2) SA 673 (T) op bl. 678A.) 1978 (1) SA p414 Brink Die feite, in die onderhawige saak, met betrekking tot die grond in die Senekal-distrik waarvan die appellant die bewoner is, toon aan......