S v Boer en Andere

JurisdictionSouth Africa
JudgeSteenkamp R
Judgment Date22 October 1999
Citation2000 (2) SACR 114 (NC)
Hearing Date22 October 1999
CounselM Marais for the appellant. C Victor for the State.
CourtNorthern Cape Division

Steenkamp R:

Mnre Theo Boer, Gerald August en Theophillus Julies. Hierdie Hof het u skuldig bevind, eerstens A aan verkragting van 'n minderjarige dogter van 14 jaar oud en tweedens aan diefstal van sekere goedere ter waarde van R150.

Hierdie uitspraak word op die laaste dag van die Rondgaande Hof te Upington gegee en ek sou graag meer tyd en beter biblioteekgeriewe wou hê om my uitspraak meer volledig voor te berei. Selfs die Suid - Afrikaanse B Strafregverslae is nie beskikbaar nie en ek was in hierdie opsig aangewese op die sake wat deur die advokate aan my beskikbaar gestel is.

Met straftoemeting is daar veral drie rigsnoere wat deur die howe deur die jare gevolg word. Eerstens is die belange van die gemeenskap van groot belang, tweedens is die erns van die misdryf van ewe groot belang en derdens is die belange van die beskuldigde, en hoe enige vonnis hom sal beïnvloed, van belang. C

Die oogmerke van straf is afskrikking, vergelding, voorkoming en rehabilitasie.

In die laaste jare het vergelding van mindere belang geword, maar in die jongste tyd het dit weer sterk na vore D getree, heel waarskynlik as gevolg van die vlaag van misdaad wat hierdie land op hierdie stadium teister. Afskrikking het as gevolg van die feit dat hierdie land en ons provinsie veral deur die misdade moord, verkragting en aanranding geteister word, ook van groot belang geword.

Daar sal eerstens met die belange van die gemeenskap gehandel word. E

In S v Du Toit1979 (3) SA 846 (A) op 857D - E het Rumpff HR die volgende in verband met die belange van die gemeenskap gesê:

'Die belange van die gemeenskap by straf wat toegemeet word, is veelledig. In sommige gevalle tree die belange na vore wanneer die gemeenskap beskerm moet word teen die gedrag van 'n bepaalde individu. In ander gevalle verdien die belang oorweging F wanneer die orde en vrede in die gemeenskap ter sprake kom. In ander gevalle weer tree die belang na vore wanneer lede van die gemeenskap afgeskrik moet word. In die tyd waarin ons leef, is die misdade waaraan die appellant skuldig bevind is van so 'n aard dat die gemeenskap ter plaatse en ook ter lande nie anders as besonder hewig geskok kon gewees het en die straf ter afskrikking moet gevolglik sterk oorweeg word.' G

As gevolg van die hoë syfer van misdaad, veral van verkragting en moord, roep die gemeenskap daar buite luidkeels dat die howe swaarder vonnisse moet oplê ten einde hulle te beskerm teen hierdie vlaag van misdaad. Hierdie Hof sal sy plig versuim as hy nie die verontwaardiging van die gemeenskap ten opsigte van die hoë misdaadsyfer in aanmerking neem nie. 'n Hof is 'n instelling van die gemeenskap en daarom is dit belangrik om H die belange van die gemeenskap sterk te beklemtoon. Wat die erns van die misdryf betref is dit so dat verkragting op 'n minderjarige dogter van onder 16 deur die Wetgewer in so 'n ernstige lig gesien word dat hierdie Hof verplig is om persone bokant 18 jaar lewenslange gevangenisstraf op te lê tensy daar wesenlike en dwingende omstandighede teenwoordig is. Daar sal later met wesenlike en dwingende omstandighede gehandel I word.

Ook ons hoogste Hof van Appèl het hom uitgespreek oor die erns van hierdie tipe misdryf. In S v Chapman 1997 (2) SASV 3 (HHA); 1997 (3) SA 341 (A) op 5b (SASV) 345 (SA) het Mahomed HR die volgende gesê: J

Steenkamp R

'The rights to dignity, to privacy and the integrity of every person are basic to the ethos of the Constitution (1) and to any defensible A civilisation.

Women in this country are entitled to the protection of these rights.

They have a legitimate claim to walk peacefully on the street, to enjoy their shopping and their entertainment, to go and come from work, and to enjoy the peace and tranquillity of their homes without the fear, the apprehension and the insecurity which constantly diminishes the quality and enjoyment of their lives. B

The appellant showed no respect for their rights. He prowled the streets and shopping malls and in a short period of one week he raped three young women, who were unknown to him. He deceptively pretended to care for them by giving them lifts and then proceeded to rape them callously and brutally, after threatening them with a knife. At no stage did he show the slightest remorse.

The Courts are under a duty to send a clear message to the accused, to other potential rapists and to the community: We are C determined to protect the equality, dignity and freedom of all women, and we shall show no mercy to those who seek to invade those rights.'

Die misdaad wat u gepleeg het, word verder vererger deur die feit dat drie persone die aand die klaagster aangeval het en een haar verkrag het terwyl die ander twee persone haar onder dwang geplaas en aangerand het en om die beurt haar verkrag het. Sy is 'n tengerige meisietjie van 14 jaar oud. Sy was weerloos. U het haar D geneem na die riete, by punt F op foto 1, waar daar geen mense in die nabyheid is nie. Sy het geskree, maar u het haar mond toegedruk en haar gewurg, terwyl u om die beurt met haar gemeenskap gehad het. Daarbenewens was sy 'n maagd toe u met haar gemeenskap gehad het, en as gevolg van hierdie verkragting is E haar maagdelikheid haar ontneem. Nadat u haar verkrag het, het u haar nie laat gaan nie, en toe die drie Staatsgetuies, naamlik Elaine, Beulah en Sara daar opgedaag het, was u nie bereid dat sy gaan nie en het u probeer om haar terug te hou deur haar vas te hou. Dit was beskuldigde 1 wat haar nie wou laat gaan nie, maar F blykbaar het beskuldigdes 2 en 3 hulle daarmee vereenselwig want die Staat se saak is dat al drie beskuldigdes selfs tot by die bakkie wou gehad het dat die klaagster nie moes gaan nie. Op daardie stadium het u ook haar klere van haar ontneem en was sy halfpad nakend gewees. Haar privaatdele was sigbaar en nie een van u het iets gedoen om selfs haar klere vir haar terug te gee sodat sy minstens haar kan bedek om nie so G vernederd voor die ander mense te wees nie.

U het 'n skandalige, weersinswekkende misdryf gepleeg. Beskuldigde 1 het selfs so ver gegaan om haar...

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16 practice notes
  • S v Dodo
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...2001 (3) SA 382 Robinson v California 370 US 660 (1962): referred to Rummel v Estelle 445 US 263 (1980): discussed S v Boer en Andere 2000 (2) SACR 114 (NC): referred to S v Blaauw 1999 (2) SACR 295 (W): referred to S v Budaza 1999 (2) SACR 491 (E): referred to 387 cc A S v Dithotze 1999 (2......
  • Aspects of minimum sentence legislation: Judicial comment and the courts' jurisdiction
    • South Africa
    • Juta South African Criminal Law Journal No. , May 2019
    • 24 May 2019
    ...regard section 51 as 'disconcerting'). In contrast, and while acknowledging that the courts do not like mandatory sentences, S v Boer 2000 (2) SACR 114 (NC) at 121a ff appears to justify the provisions of the Act (our country is plagued by serious crime, the legislature has been placed unde......
  • Mandatory and minimum sentences: Considering s 51 of the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1997
    • South Africa
    • Juta Acta Juridica No. , August 2019
    • 15 August 2019
    ...S v Willemse (n 2) 454; S v Homareda1999 (2) SACR 319 (W) at 325; S v Khanjwayo; S v Mihlali 1999 (2) SACR 651 (O) at 658;S v Boer 2000(2) SACR 114 (NC) at 122; S v Eadie 2001(1) SACR 185 (C) at 187; S v Kgafela2001 (2) SACR 207 (B) para 23; S v Arias 2002(1) SACR 518 (W).7Cf M Tonry Senten......
  • S v Malgas
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...Estate Agencies G Ltd [2000] 1 WLR 377 (CA): dictum at 381H approved S v Blaauw 1999 (2) SACR 295 (W): considered S v Boer en Andere 2000 (2) SACR 114 (NC): S v Dithotze 1999 (2) SACR 314 (W): considered S v Dzukuda and Others; S v Tshilo 2000 (4) SA 1078 (CC) (2000 (2) SACR 443): dictum in......
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13 cases
  • S v Dodo
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...2001 (3) SA 382 Robinson v California 370 US 660 (1962): referred to Rummel v Estelle 445 US 263 (1980): discussed S v Boer en Andere 2000 (2) SACR 114 (NC): referred to S v Blaauw 1999 (2) SACR 295 (W): referred to S v Budaza 1999 (2) SACR 491 (E): referred to 387 cc A S v Dithotze 1999 (2......
  • S v Malgas
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...Estate Agencies G Ltd [2000] 1 WLR 377 (CA): dictum at 381H approved S v Blaauw 1999 (2) SACR 295 (W): considered S v Boer en Andere 2000 (2) SACR 114 (NC): S v Dithotze 1999 (2) SACR 314 (W): considered S v Dzukuda and Others; S v Tshilo 2000 (4) SA 1078 (CC) (2000 (2) SACR 443): dictum in......
  • S v Kgafela
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...SACR 314 (W); S v Homareda 1999 (2) SACR 319 (W); S v Van Wyk 2000 (1) SACR 45 (C); S v N 2000 (1) SACR 209 (W); G S v Boer en Andere 2000 (2) SACR 114 (NC); S v Kanjwayo; S v Mihlali 1999 (2) SACR 651 (O); S v Montgomery 2000 (2) SACR 318 (N). Unreported cases: S v Mthembu and Another, 365......
  • S v Dodo
    • South Africa
    • Constitutional Court
    • 5 April 2001
    ...123h; S v Zitha and Others 1999 (2) SACR 404 (W) at 407i - 411h; S v Budaza 1999 (2) SACR 491 (E) at 503g - 504e; S v Boer en Andere 2000 (2) SACR 114 (NC) at 121d - 122a. [7] For example, S v Shongwe 1999 (2) SACR 220 (O) at 223a - 224c; S vBlaauw 1999 (2) SACR 295 (W) at 311e - 312h; S v ......
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3 books & journal articles
  • Aspects of minimum sentence legislation: Judicial comment and the courts' jurisdiction
    • South Africa
    • Juta South African Criminal Law Journal No. , May 2019
    • 24 May 2019
    ...regard section 51 as 'disconcerting'). In contrast, and while acknowledging that the courts do not like mandatory sentences, S v Boer 2000 (2) SACR 114 (NC) at 121a ff appears to justify the provisions of the Act (our country is plagued by serious crime, the legislature has been placed unde......
  • Mandatory and minimum sentences: Considering s 51 of the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1997
    • South Africa
    • Juta Acta Juridica No. , August 2019
    • 15 August 2019
    ...S v Willemse (n 2) 454; S v Homareda1999 (2) SACR 319 (W) at 325; S v Khanjwayo; S v Mihlali 1999 (2) SACR 651 (O) at 658;S v Boer 2000(2) SACR 114 (NC) at 122; S v Eadie 2001(1) SACR 185 (C) at 187; S v Kgafela2001 (2) SACR 207 (B) para 23; S v Arias 2002(1) SACR 518 (W).7Cf M Tonry Senten......
  • Recent Case: Sentencing
    • South Africa
    • Juta South African Criminal Law Journal No. , May 2019
    • 24 May 2019
    ...Natal Court judgments of Squires J, mentioned in various judgments delivered in other divisions. On the other hand, in S v Boer 2000 (2) SACR 114 (NC) Steenkamp J, while emphasising that 'substantial and compelling circumstances' must be sought in all the relevant circumstances of the crime......