Kommissaris van Binnelandse Inkomste v Lotz en 'n Ander

JurisdictionSouth Africa
Citation1998 (2) SA 282 (O)

Kommissaris van Binnelandse Inkomste v Lotz en 'n Ander
1998 (2) SA 282 (O)

1998 (2) SA p282


Citation

1998 (2) SA 282 (O)

Case No

99/95

Court

Oranje-Vrystaatse Provinsiale Afdeling

Judge

van Coller R

Heard

January 29, 1996

Judgment

February 8, 1996

Counsel

JY Claassen namens die appellant
AF Jordaan namens die respondente

Flynote : Sleutelwoorde

I Inkomste — Hereregte — Bedrag van — Wet op Hereregte 40 van 1949 — Skaal waarteen hereregte bereken moet word — Kragtens art 2(1)(b) van Wet is skaal waarvolgens ''n natuurlike persoon' hereregte betaal laer as skaal waarvolgens ''n J ander persoon as 'n natuurlike persoon' hereregte betaal ingevolge art 2(1)(a) — Trustees koop onroerende eiendom in

1998 (2) SA p283

hoedanigheid as trustees — Trustbegunstigdes natuurlike persone, maar trustakte so bewoord dat moontlikheid bestaan A dat trustbates uiteindelik kan gaan na liefdadigheids-, onderwys- of godsdiensinrigting — Trustees verkry dus nie eiendom uitsluitlik ten voordele van natuurlike trustbegunstigdes nie, maar ook ten voordele van ander persone as natuurlike persone — In terme van art 2(7)(b) is trustees dus geag 'ander person(e) as natuurlike person(e)' te wees — B Hereregte moet dus ooreenkomstig bepalings van art 2(1)(a) bereken word.

Headnote : Kopnota

Die respondente het as trustees van 'n trust onroerende eiendom aangekoop, waarna 'n geskil ontstaan het tussen hulle en die appellant aangaande die skaal waarteen die betaalbare hereregte bereken moes word. Die C trustbegunstigdes was natuurlike persone, maar in terme van die trustakte sou die trustees geregtig wees, indien 'n trustbegunstigde nie geleef het op die vestigingsdatum nie, om die trustbates oor te betaal aan ander trustbegunstigdes, of aan ander bloedverwante persone, of as geen sodanige persone geleef het nie, aan enige liefdadigheids-, onderwys- of godsdiensinrigting. Kragtens art 2(1)(b) van die Wet op Hereregte 40 van 1949, is D die skaal waarvolgens ''n natuurlike persoon' hereregte betaal, heelwat laer as die skaal van toepassing op ''n ander persoon as 'n natuurlike persoon', ingevolge art 2(1)(a). In terme van art 2(7)(a) van die Wet, waar 'n persoon handelend in 'n fidusiêre hoedanigheid eiendom verkry en die eiendom word verkry of gehou uitsluitlik ten voordele van 'n natuurlike persoon, word daardie persoon geag 'n natuurlike persoon te wees. Indien die eiendom anders as in para (a) beoog verkry of gehou word, word die persoon geag ''n ander persoon as 'n natuurlike persoon' te E wees (art 2(7)(b) ). In terme van art 9(1)(c) van die Wet is geen hereregte betaalbaar ten opsigte van die verkryging van eiendom deur 'n godsdienstige, liefdadigheids- of opvoedkundige inrigting nie. 'n Enkel Regter van 'n Provinsiale Afdeling het beslis dat hereregte in die onderhawige geval betaalbaar is ooreenkomstig die bepalings van F art 2(1)(b) van die Wet, met ander woorde op die laer skaal. In hoër beroep,

Beslis, dat, aangesien die respondente die eiendom verkry het handelend in 'n fidusiêre hoedanigheid, die bepalings van art 2(7) saamgelees met art 2(1) van die Wet van toepassing was. In die lig van die bewoording van die G trustakte het die respondente die eiendom verkry, nie alleen ten voordele van die natuurlike trustbegunstigdes nie, maar ook ten voordele van ander persone as natuurlike persone, synde die instellings daar genoem. Indien die gewone, grammatikale en letterlike interpretasie gevolg word by die vertolking van art 2(7), sou dit dus beteken dat die respondente die eiendom nie verkry het uitsluitlik ten voordele van natuurlike persone nie, en sou hulle geag H word ander persone as natuurlike persone te wees. Die skaal wat van toepassing sou wees was die skaal genoem in art 2(1)(a) van die Wet. (Op 287G--I/J.)

Beslis, verder, dat dit nie duidelik was of 'n trustee vrygestel sou wees van betaling van hereregte indien hy die eiendom verkry het slegs ten gunste van 'n instansie genoem in art 9(1)(c) nie. Selfs al sou dit so aanvaar word, sou I dit egter nie beteken dat art 2(7)(a) in die onderhawige saak van toepassing was nie. Om te bevind dat die insluiting van instansies soos die genoem in die trustakte saam met natuurlike persone as bevoordeeldes in 'n trust, beteken dat die trustee die eiendom verkry uitsluitlik ten gunste van natuurlike persone en dus binne die bepalings van art 2(7)(a) van die Wet, sou gevaarlike bespiegelinge wees, en sou woorde by die artikel ingevoeg moes word om by 'n veronderstelde bedoeling van die Wetgewer uit te kom. J

1998 (2) SA p284

A Daar was in die onderhawige geval nie 'n 'duidelike en onbetwyfelbare bepaalde bedoeling' om 'n vertolking soos namens die respondente voorgestaan te regverdig nie. (Op 288D--E/F, 288G/H--H/I en 289A/B--B.)

Beslis, gevolglik, dat aangesien die respondente die eiendom verky het nie uitsluitlik ten voordele van die begunstigdes wat natuurlike persone was nie, die hereregte ooreenkomstig die bepalings van art 2(1)(a) van die B Wet bereken moes word. (Op 289C--D.) Appèl gehandhaaf.

Flynote : Sleutelwoorde

Revenue — Transfer duty — Amount of — Transfer Duty Act 40 of 1949 — Rate at which transfer duty to be computed — In terms of s 2(1)(b) of Act, rate at which 'natural person' to pay transfer duty lower than rate at which 'person other than a natural person' to pay transfer duty in terms of s 2(1)(a) — Trustees buying immovable property in capacity as trustees — Trust C beneficiaries natural persons, but trust deed so worded that possible that ultimate beneficiaries of trust assets would be religious, charitable or educational institution — Trustees thus not acquiring solely for benefit of natural trust beneficiaries, but also for benefit of persons other than natural persons — In terms of s 2(7)(b) trustees thus deemed to be 'person(s) D other than natural person(s)' — Transfer duty thus to be computed according to provisions of s 2(1)(a) of Act.

Headnote : Kopnota

The respondents had purchased immovable property as trustees of a trust, whereafter a dispute arose between E them and the appellant as to the rate at which the transfer duty payable was to be computed. The trust beneficiaries were natural persons, but in terms of the trust deed the trustees would be entitled, if a trust beneficiary were not alive at the vesting date, to pay the trust assets over to another trust beneficiary, or to any blood relative, or, if no such person were alive, to any religious, charitable or educational institution. In terms of s 2(1)(b) of the Transfer F Duty Act 40 of 1949 the rate at which 'a natural person' pays transfer duty is considerably lower than the rate applicable to 'a person other than a natural person', in terms of s 2(1)(a). In terms of s 2(7)(a) of the Act, where a person acting in a fiduciary capacity acquires property and the property is...

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1 practice notes
  • Khambule and Another v Moloi and Another
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...respondents themselves never received a notification from the Registrar that the matter was so set down, as contemplated in Rule 7(3) J 1998 (2) SA p282 Claassen A of the new Rule. In the latter Rule the Registrar is obliged to notify 'each party or his attorney of the date on which the act......
1 cases
  • Khambule and Another v Moloi and Another
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...respondents themselves never received a notification from the Registrar that the matter was so set down, as contemplated in Rule 7(3) J 1998 (2) SA p282 Claassen A of the new Rule. In the latter Rule the Registrar is obliged to notify 'each party or his attorney of the date on which the act......