Coulson v Rapport Uitgewers (Edms) Bpk

JurisdictionSouth Africa
JudgeRumpff HR, Muller AR, Joubert AR, Trengove AR en Viljoen Wn AR
Judgment Date30 March 1979
Citation1979 (3) SA 286 (A)
Hearing Date13 March 1979
CourtAppellate Division

Viljoen Wn AR:

Op 26 Desember 1976 het daar 'n berig in die Sondagkoerant Rapport verskyn waarin daar gemeld is dat die appellant summier as redakteur van die Financial Gazette ontslaan is. Ondanks berigte, waarvan D die appellant self die bron was, wat in sekere Engelse dagblaaie, nl die Star en die Rand Daily Mail, verskyn het waarin woorde soos "sacked" en "fired" voorkom en waaruit dit blyk dat die appellant bitterlik kla omdat hy versoek is om te bedank ("asked to resign") om plek te maak vir 'n sekere Otto Krause wat hom as redakteur sou vervang, het hy die E respondent, uitgewer van Rapport, uitgesonder vir die instelling teen hierdie maatskappy van 'n lastergeding. Hierdie geding is teen die appellant uitgewys in die Hof a quo en die appellant kom nou in hoër beroep teen die uitspraak teen hom van absolusie van die instansie, met koste.

Die appellant beweer in sy besonderhede van eis:

"4.

F In the issue of the said newspaper of 26 December 1976, which was widely circulated both within and outside the jurisdiction of this honourable Court, the defendant maliciously published the following false and defamatory words of and concerning the plaintiff:

G 'Mnr Krause sal by die Financial Gazette die plek inneem van mnr Michael Coulson (meaning the plaintiff) wat vandeesweek summier as redakteur ontslaan is.'

5.

The said words were intended to mean, meant and were understood to mean that the plaintiff had been dismissed for dishonesty, incompetence, breach of duty or some other form of misconduct and that he was morally or in other respects unreliable and unfit for employment as an editor.

6.

H By the publication of the said words the plaintiff has been injured in his good name and reputation and he has suffered damages in the sum of R5 000."

Die respondent (verweerder a quo) het verskeie verwere geopper. Die eerste verweer was 'n ontkenning dat die gewraakte woorde kwaadwilliglik gepubliseer is; die tweede was 'n ontkenning dat die woorde vals of lasterlik was; die derde was 'n bewering dat die woorde wesentlik waar was en dat publikasie daarvan in die openbare belang was en in die vierde

Viljoen Wn AR

plek het die respondent beweer dat die eiser toegestem het tot die publikasie van die gewraakte woorde deurdat hy aan verteenwoordigers van die pers te kenne gegee het dat hy ontslaan is sonder enige voorafgaande A waarskuwing. In die notule van die voorverhoorkonferensie kom die volgende klousules voor:

"3.

The plaintiff would prepare a bundle of documents, including the reports in other newspapers, relative to the termination of the plaintiff's employment.

6.

B The defendant requested the plaintiff to admit that the plaintiff had been correctly quoted in certain newspaper articles which appeared in the Rand Daily Mail, the Star and the Sunday Express. The plaintiff undertook to advise the defendant in this regard."

Namens die appellant as eiser is getuienis voorgelê. 'n Sekere Breytenbach C het getuig van die hoë aansien wat die eiser in teaterkringe geniet en ene Preece, die finansiële medewerker op die redaksie van die Rand Daily Mail, het getuig oor die bekwaamheid van die appellant as 'n finansiële joernalis. Daar is geen getuienis namens die respondent voorgelê nie.

In 'n brief gedateer 5 Januarie 1977 wat die appellant se prokureurs aan die redakteur van die Rapport geskryf het en wat deel vorm van die appèlstukke kla hulle:

D "In truth our client has not been dismissed on a summary basis as is indicated by the fact that he is still today holding the position of editor of the Financial Gazette, and there has already been an extension of his tenure of office at the request of his employer."

Namens Rapport is daarna voorgestel dat 'n apologie, 'n konsep waarvan aan E die appellant se prokureurs gestuur is, gepubliseer word en is 'n bedrag van R50 aan die appellant ten opsigte van koste aangebied. Die standpunt van die appellant was dat hy geen beswaar het teen die bewoording van die apologie nie maar dat hy die reg voorbehou om voort te gaan met die lastergeding. Inderdaad is aan die respondent later kennis gegee dat die F appellant voortgaan. Die respondent het egter wel die voorgestelde apologie, wat soos volg lui, gepubliseer:

"Mnr Coulson.

In die uitgawe van Rapport van 26 Desember 1976 het 'n berig onder die opskrif 'Otto Krause Gazette se Redakteur' verskyn.

Daarin word gesê dat mnr Michael Coulson, redakteur van die Financial Gazette, summier ontslaan is.

Dit is onder Rapport se aandag gebring dat die bewering foutief was en G dat mnr Coulson in werklikheid nie summier ontslaan is nie.

Dit spyt Rapport as die berig verleentheid vir mnr Coulson veroorsaak het."

Aan die Hof a quo is 'n hele aantal afskrifte van uitknipsels van berigte waarin die ontslag van die appellant gemeld is en kommentaar daarop H gelewer is uit dagblaaie en Sondagblaaie van sowel voor 26 Desember 1976 as daarna beskikbaar gestel. Dit is blykbaar gedoen ingevolge para 3 van die voorverhoornotule. Die appellant was egter alleen bereid om, ter uitvoering van sy onderneming gegee ingevolge para 6 van die notule, te erken dat hy korrek aangehaal is in berigte wat in twee dagblaaie verskyn het, tw die Star en die Rand Daily Mail, albei gedateer 24 Desember 1976. 'n Ander dokument wat voor die Hof gedien het, was 'n memorandum wat die appellant en ene Van Rensburg op 10 Desember 1976 onderteken het waaruit dit blyk dat daar onderhandelinge was ten aansien van die beëindiging van die appellant se diens.

Viljoen Wn AR

Die berig in die Star van 24 Desember 1976 lui soos volg:

"Fired editor bitter

Mr Michael Coulson said in Johannesburg today he had been given no warning before being fired as editor of the Financial Gazette.

A He was editor of the newspaper for a year and deputy editor for 41/2 years. Previously Mr Coulson was assistant editor of the Financial Mail.

'It is up to the Perskor's management to say why I was asked to resign,' said Mr Coulson. 'I am bitterly disappointed and at the moment am unemployed.'

Mr R W J Opperman, Perskor's deputy managing director, would not comment on the sacking.

B It is undertsood that Mr Coulson was given no indication by Perskor's management that they were disappointed with his work. He was given no warning about his firing.

The new editor of the Financial Gazette will be Mr Otto Krause, former editor of Newscheck magazine, which is now defunct."

Die berig wat in die Rand Daily Mail van 24 Desember 1976 verskyn het, lui:

C "Perskor editor gets the sack

Mr Michael Coulson, editor of the Financial Gazette for more than a year, has been sacked.

He will be replaced by Mr Otto Krause, a prominent Nationalist commentator and former editor of the now defunct magazine, Newscheck.

D Mr Coulson said last night that it was for the management of Perskor to give the reason why he was asked to resign.

The deputy managing director of Perskor, Mr R W J Opperman, refused last night to discuss Mr Coulson's dismissal.

Mr Coulson, chairman of the South African Theatre Union, was previously assistant editor of the Financial Mail.

Last night he said: 'I feel bitterly disappointd about this...

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17 practice notes
  • Mineworkers Investment Co (Pty) Ltd v Modibane
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...1966 (3) SA 470 (W): referred to D Chetcuti v Van der Wilt 1993 (4) SA 397 (Tk): referred to Coulson v Rapport Uitgewers (Edms) Bpk 1979 (3) SA 286 (A): referred Crawford v Albu 1917 AD 102: discussed and compared Demmers v Wyllie and Others 1980 (1) SA 835 (A): referred to Du Plessis and O......
  • Argus Printing and Publishing Co Ltd v Inkatha Freedom Party
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...is assessed, see Suid-Afrikaanse Uitsaaikorporasie v O'Malley 1977 (3) SA 394 (A) at 408D-E; Coulson v Rapport Uitgewers (Edms) Bpk 1979 (3) SA 286 (A) E at 294H-295A; Gertz v Robert Welch Inc (supra at 359-60); Church of Scientology in South Africa Inc Association Not For Gain and Another ......
  • Argus Printing and Publishing Co Ltd and Others v Esselen's Estate
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...oversensitive. Suid-Afrikaanse Uitsaaikorporasie v I O'Malley 1977 (3) SA 394 (A) at 408B-E; Coulson v Rapport Uitgewers (Edms) Bpk 1979 (3) SA 286 (A) at 294H-295A. The reasonable person 'is a person who gives a reasonable meaning to the words used within the context of the document as a w......
  • Johnson v Beckett and Another
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...Channing v South African Financial Gazette Ltd and Others 1966 (3) SA 470 (W) at 474A--C; Coulson v Rapport Uitgewers (Edms) Bpk 1979 (3) SA 286 (A) at 294F-295C; Demmers v Wyllie and Others 1980 (1) SA 835 (A) at 842A-843E; S v Citizen Newspapers (Pty) Ltd and Another; S v Perskorporasie v......
  • Get Started for Free
16 cases
  • Mineworkers Investment Co (Pty) Ltd v Modibane
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...1966 (3) SA 470 (W): referred to D Chetcuti v Van der Wilt 1993 (4) SA 397 (Tk): referred to Coulson v Rapport Uitgewers (Edms) Bpk 1979 (3) SA 286 (A): referred Crawford v Albu 1917 AD 102: discussed and compared Demmers v Wyllie and Others 1980 (1) SA 835 (A): referred to Du Plessis and O......
  • Argus Printing and Publishing Co Ltd v Inkatha Freedom Party
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...is assessed, see Suid-Afrikaanse Uitsaaikorporasie v O'Malley 1977 (3) SA 394 (A) at 408D-E; Coulson v Rapport Uitgewers (Edms) Bpk 1979 (3) SA 286 (A) E at 294H-295A; Gertz v Robert Welch Inc (supra at 359-60); Church of Scientology in South Africa Inc Association Not For Gain and Another ......
  • Argus Printing and Publishing Co Ltd and Others v Esselen's Estate
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...oversensitive. Suid-Afrikaanse Uitsaaikorporasie v I O'Malley 1977 (3) SA 394 (A) at 408B-E; Coulson v Rapport Uitgewers (Edms) Bpk 1979 (3) SA 286 (A) at 294H-295A. The reasonable person 'is a person who gives a reasonable meaning to the words used within the context of the document as a w......
  • Johnson v Beckett and Another
    • South Africa
    • Invalid date
    ...Channing v South African Financial Gazette Ltd and Others 1966 (3) SA 470 (W) at 474A--C; Coulson v Rapport Uitgewers (Edms) Bpk 1979 (3) SA 286 (A) at 294F-295C; Demmers v Wyllie and Others 1980 (1) SA 835 (A) at 842A-843E; S v Citizen Newspapers (Pty) Ltd and Another; S v Perskorporasie v......
  • Get Started for Free
1 books & journal articles
  • In Loco Parentis: Le Roux v Dey
    • South Africa
    • Juta Stellenbosch Law Review No. , August 2019
    • 16 Agosto 2019
    ...of 11 Rivett- Carnac v Wiggins 1997 3 SA 80 (C) 8912 SAUK v O’Malley 1977 3 SA 394 (A) 408; Coulson v Rap port Uitgewers (Edms) Bp k 1979 3 SA 286 (A) 294-295; Ngcobo v Shemb e 1983 4 SA 66 (D) 70-7113 SA Associate d Newspapers Lt d v Schoeman 1962 2 SA 613 (A) 616; Argus Printing and Pub l......